Answer
Some new tax residents of Uruguay may qualify for preferential treatment on certain foreign capital income. It is often referred to as a tax holiday, and older guidance mentions a 10-year period, but the applicable conditions and scope must be assessed under the current rules.
This benefit does not mean that all foreign income is automatically exempt from tax. Employment income, income from services, business income, rental income, dividends, and interest may fall under different regimes. The date tax residency is obtained, the type of payment, the country, tax already withheld, and the chosen tax option are important.
The decision is best made before filing the first tax return, because the choice of regime can have long-term consequences. The practical approach is to list all income by country and type, distinguish assets from payments, and then determine which amounts qualify for the benefit and which do not.